The playground - Спортивная площадка

Jim and Maggie talk about local affairs.


Maggie: Have you seen the local paper,1 Jim?

Jim: I'm just reading it.

Maggie: Anything interesting in it?

Jim: There's a report of last Monday's Council2 meeting. It seems to have been3 quite a lively one.

Maggie: Why, what happened?

Jim: Well, Councillor Walters got up and said it was high time something was done about4 that bit waste ground5 behind the library and that it ought to be turned into a children's playground.

Maggie: Quite right too. Did they agree?

Jim: Not all. You know Mrs. Grainger, who lives in the Square?6 She was quite furious about it, apparently. She got up and shouted that she wasn't going to have a lot of noisy children making a nuisance of themselves7 right under her window, and that she'd sue the Council.

Maggie: How ridiculous!

Jim: She insisted she'd only bought the house because the Council surveyor had assured her that they were going to turn that waste ground into a garden.

Maggie: I hope they didn't take any notice8 of her.

Jim: Well, it seems they didn't take a vote.9 But at any rate they passed it to one of the sub-committees to deal with.

Maggie: That Grainger woman is a menace.10 She won't rest until she's got her way.11

Jim: Ah, but you see, Walters happens to be chairman12 of that commitee, so he'll push the scheme through.13 Anyway Mrs. Grainger was furious. She waved her umbrella at the mayor and shouted ”I'll sue you for damages, every man jack of you”.14

Maggie: I'd love to have seen her.15

Jim: Well, you'll have a chance to16 tomorrow. The Parent-Teacher Association17 is arranging an open meeting to discuss the proposal and no doubt she'll turn up.18

Maggie: Well, we must go along,19 too.

Jim: Of course. It says here20 the meeting will be at eight at the library.

Maggie: You, know, Jim, I'm beginning to understand why Mrs. Grainger was so polite to me when we met in the High Street this morning. She asked me whether I wouldn't like to come and have tea with her some day. Usually she doesn't even say good morning. She must be collecting supporters.

Jim: Well, I think a playground is a very good idea and I'm certainly going to back up Walters at the meeting tomorrow.

Maggie: And so am I.21

Примечание: используйте сноски при открытой вкладке ПОЯСНЕНИЯ

ВЫБРАННЫЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ

Эти предложения иллюстрируют использование косвенной речи
(исключением является четвертое предложение).

     Councillor Walters said something should be done about that playground.
     Mrs. Grainger shouted she didn't want a playground right under her windows.
     She said she'd sue the Council.
     I hope they didn't take any notice of her.
     She said children were a nuisance.
     She asked whether I wouldn't like to come and have tea with her.

ПОЯСНЕНИЯ

1 local paper — см. пояснения 7 к сценке 14
2 Council совет (в данном тексте имеется в виду совет, управляющий городом)
3 It seems to have been... кажется, что было...
4 it was high time something was done about... давно пора сделать что-нибудь с...
5 waste ground пустырь, неиспользуемый участок земли
6 in the Square на площади
7 noisy children making a nuisance of themselves крикливые дети, надоедающие другим, или крикливые надоедливые дети
8 they didn't take any notice of her они не обращали на неё внимания
9 they didn't take a vote они не голосовали
10 That Grainger woman is a menace эта Грейнджер просто опасна
11 until she's got her way пока не добьётся своего
12 Walters happens to be chairman так складывается, что Уолтерс является председателем
13 he'll push the scheme through он ускорит рассмотрение проекта; он „протолкнёт” (или проведёт) этот проект
14 every man jack of you всех вас до одного
15 I'd love to have seen her я много бы дала, чтобы увидеть её, как бы мне хотелось увидеть её
16 to = to see her
17 The Parent-Teacher Association Родительский Комитет
18 she'll turn up она явится, придёт
19 go along = go to that meeting
20 here = in the local paper
21 And so am I. И я тоже.

ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ КОММЕНТАРИЙ

Косвенная речь

1. Косвенная речь — по-английски Indirect Speech или Reported Speech — это речь, в которой говорящий передаёт чьи-либо слова от своего имени. Например:

     Прямая речь: Джон: Я очень голоден.
     Косвенная речь: Джон сказал, что он очень голоден.

Предложение, вводящее косвенную речь обычно стоит в прошедшем времени. В русском языке это не влияет на выбор времён в следующем за ним придаточном предложении. В приведенном выше примере, как в прямой, так и в косвенной речи (в придаточном предложении) мы использовали настоящее время.

Однако в английском языке, наличие глагола в Past Simple в главном предложении приводит к существенным изменениям в придаточном предложении. Эту разницу между русским и английским языком можно объяснить следующим образом:

В русском языке, передавая что-либо мысль, мы как бы ставим себя в ситуацию автора. То, что для автора было настоящим временем, мы тоже считаем настоящим временем. Также поступаем со всеми временами и наклонениями. Если Джон сказал: „Я голоден”, — то повторяя через некоторое время его слова, мы говорим:

     Джон сказал, что он голоден.

Грамматическое время остаётся без изменений. В английском языке рассматриваем передаваемую мысль с точки зрения того лица, которое данную мысль пересказывает. Мысль автора, передаваемая говорящим, рассматривается им, как что-то прошлое. Если Джон сказал: ”I'm hungry”, то, повторяя через некоторое время его слова, мы скажем:

     John said that he was hungry.

или в разговорной речи:

     John said he was hungry.

Для нас это уже прошлое событие, поэтому мы говорим о нём в прошедшем времени.

Отсюда вытекает необходимое изменение времени в косвенной речи: вместо Present Simple используем Past Simple, вместо Past Simple — Past Perfect и т.д. Главное — это помнить о разнице точек зрения автора и лица, повторяющего слова автора. Тогда все правила и исключения, касающиеся косвенной речи становятся ясными. Стоит запомнить только одно правило использования в косвенной речи Future in the Past вместо Future Tense, так как оно не вытекает так ясно из описанного выше принципа.

2. Придаточное предложение, выражающее общий вопрос прямой речи, вводится словом whether или if:

     ”He asked if ...” или ”She asked whether ...”

Госпожа Грейнджер наверно сказала Мэгги:

     Wouldn't you like to come and have tea with me some day?

Мэгги повторяет это предложение в косвенной речи:

     She asked me if I wouldn't like to come and have tea with her some day.

3. Приказание в косвенной речи передаём с помощью конструкции Verb + Object + to + Infinitive, с глаголами: tell — велеть и order — приказать. Например:

Приказание Мэгги Джиму Go! при передаче в косвенной речи будет выглядеть так:

     She told him to go
(т.e. Verb + Object + to + Infinitive).

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

I. Поставьте предложения в прошедшем времени:
1. Councillor Walters says it's high time to do something about that waste ground behind the library.
2. Mrs. Grainger says she isn't going to have a lot of noisy children making a nuisance of themselves under her windows.
3. She says she will sue the Council.
4. She says the Council surveyor has assured her that the waste ground will be turned into a garden.
5. She says she won't rest until she's got her way.
6. Walter is convinced he'll push the scheme through.

II. Следующие предложения, содержащие просьбу и приказание, переведите в косвенную речь, начиная предложение словами:
     Maggie asked Jim to...
     Jim told Harry to...
1. Maggie: Please bolt the windows, Jim.
2. Jim: Please telephone for a taxi, Maggie.
3. Jane: Stop making fun of me, Robert.
4. Jim: Please collect my coat from the cleaners', Maggie.
5. Maggie: Dig up these rhododendron roots, Harry.
6. Jim: Invite Jane and Robert round one day, Maggie.

III.Заполните пропуски по образцу первого предложения:
1. There is a Parent-Teacher Association meeting going on just now.
   It seems to be quite a lively one.
   There was a Parent-Teacher Association meeting yesterday.
   It seems to have been quite a lively one.
2. Maggie is listening to a talk on the radio.
   It seems to be an interesting one.
   Maggie listened to a talk on the radio this morning.
   It seems to . . .
3. Harry is digging up the rhododendron roots in the Browns's back garden.
   It seems to be a hard job.
   Harry was . . .  yesterday.
   It seems to . . . .
4. Mrs. Grainger will certainly make a nuisance of herself at the next Parent-Teacher Association meeting.
   I'd love to see her.
   Mrs. Grainger made a nuisance of herself at the last meeting of the Parent-Teacher Association.
   I'd love to  . . .
5. Councillor Walters will speak of the Council's proposals at the meeting tomorrow.
   I'd love to hear him.
   Councillor Walters spoke . . .  yesterday.
   I'd love to  . . .

Ответы к упражнениям

Упражнение I.
1. Councillor Walters said it was high time to do something about that waste ground behind the library.
2. Mrs. Grainger said she wasn't going to have a lot of noisy children making a nuisance of themselves under her window.
3. She said she would sue the Council.
4. She said the Council Surveyor had assured her that the waste ground would be turned into a garden.
5. She said she wouldn't rest until she'd got her way.
6. Walters was convinced he would push the scheme through.

Упражнение II.
1. Maggie asked Jim to bolt the windows.
2. Jim asked Maggie to telephone for the taxi.
3. Jane told Robert not to make fun of her.
4. Jim asked Maggie to collect his coat from the cleaners'.
5. Maggie told Harry to dig up the rhododendron roots.
6. Jim told Maggie to invite Jane and Robert round one day.

Упражнение III.
1. It seems to have been quite a lively one.
2. It seems to have been an interesting one.
3. Harry was digging up the rhododendron in the Browns' garden yesterday.
It seems to have been a hard job.
4. I'd love to have seen her.
5. Councillor Walters spoke of the Councill's proposals at the meeting yesterday.
6. I'd love to have heard him.

end faq


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